Amphibious vehicle - Wikipedia. An amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian), is a vehicle that is a means of transport, viable on land as well as on (or under) water. Amphibious vehicles include amphibious bicycles, ATVs, cars, buses, trucks, military vehicles, and hovercraft. Classic landing craft are not amphibious vehicles as they do not offer any real land transportation at all, although they are part of amphibious assault. Ground effect vehicles, such as Ekranoplans, will likely crash on any but the flattest of landmasses so are also not considered to be amphibious vehicles. Amongst the latter, many designs were prompted by the desire to expand the off- road capabilities of land- vehicles to an . This explains why many designs use tracks in addition to or instead of wheels, and in some cases even resort to articulated body configurations or other unconventional designs such as screw- propelled vehicles which use auger- like barrels which propel a vehicle through muddy terrain with a twisting motion. This is possible as a vehicle's displacement is usually greater than its weight, and thus it will float. Heavily armoured vehicles however sometimes have a density greater than water (their weight in kilograms exceeds their volume in litres), and will need additional buoyancy measures. These can take the form of inflatable floatation devices, much like the sides of a rubber dinghy, or a waterproof fabric skirt raised from the top perimeter of the vehicle, to increase its displacement. NORTH KOREA COUNTRY HANDBOOK MARINE CORPS INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITY. North Korean Army Uniforms... BRDM-2 Armored Amphibious Vehicle. Download Chapter PDF Download. A: A2/AD: anti-access/area-denial: AAV: Amphibious Assault Vehicle: ADIZ: Air Defense Identification Zone: AEHF. Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance. 1994, the German army formed an air-mobile. The Australian Light Armoured Vehicle (ASLAV). Command, Surveillance, Ambulance. AAV Amphibious Assault Vehicle ABM Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis ACV Amphibious Combat Vehicle ADIZ Air Defense Identification Zone. AN/TPY-2 Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance ANZUS Australia–New Zealand–U.S. Amphibious military vehicles are most important in beach landing. Landing Vehicle, Tracked or Amphibious Tractor Vehicles; Alligator: Prototype of the USMC Landing Vehicle, Tracked (LVT) series: LVT: Landing Vehicle. For propulsion in or on the water some vehicles simply make do by spinning their wheels or tracks. Most amphibians will work only as a displacement hull when in the water . On testing it reportedly tipped over 5. The most successful Alligator tugs were produced by the firm of West and Peachey in Simcoe, Ontario. Richmond (Jessup, Iowa, USA). Just like the world's first petrol- powered automobile (1. Carl Benz) it was a three- wheeler. The single front wheel provided direction, both on land and in the water. A three- cylinder petrol combustion- engine powered the oversized rear wheels. M1117 Armored Security Vehicle A U.S. Army M1117 Armored Security Vehicle in. Marine Corps' Amphibious Assault Vehicle. Reconnaissance Surveillance & Target. In order to get the wheels to provide propulsion in the water, fins or buckets would be attached to the rear wheel spokes. Remarkably the boat- like hull was one of the first integral bodies ever used on a car. In some of them the amphibious capabilities are central to their purpose, whereas in others they are only an expansion to what has remained primarily a watercraft or a land vehicle. The design that came together with all the features needed for a practical all terrain amphibious vehicle was by Peter Prell of New Jersey. His design, unlike others, could operate not only on rivers and lakes but the sea and did not require firm ground to enter or exit the water. It combined a boat- like hull with tank- like tracks. In 1. 93. 1 he tested a scaled down version of his invention. The vehicles use a patented hydraulic system to raise the wheels into the wheel wells, allowing the vehicles to plane on water. The vehicles can transition between land and water modes in about five seconds. The first Gibbs fast amphibian is the Quadski, introduced in October 2. It went on sale in January 2. On the other hand, Iguana Yachts, a Frenchcompany created in 2. In 2. 01. 0, a Southern California- based company named Water. Car, set the Guinness World Record for Fastest Amphibious Vehicle, with their prototype, The Python, which reached top land speeds of 2. The Water. Car can do 8. The wings on the powered wheels propel the vehicle in a similar way to a paddle wheel. The SBK Engineering Shuttle- Bike consists of 2 inflatable floats with straps that allow the carrying of a bicycle with passenger. The ensemble, when deflated, fits in a backpack for carrying by the cyclist. The model can reach up to 8. These saw significant popularity in North America during the 1. Typically an amphibious ATV (AATV) is a small, lightweight, off- highway vehicle, constructed from an integral hard plastic or fibreglass bodytub, fitted with six (sometimes eight) driven wheels, with low pressure, balloon tires. With no suspension (other than what the tires offer) and no steering wheels, directional control is accomplished through skid- steering . Most contemporary designs use garden tractor type engines, that will provide roughly 2. Constructed this way, an AATV will float with ample freeboard and is capable of traversing swamps, ponds and streams as well as dry land. On land these units have high grip and great off- road ability, that can be further enhanced with an optional set of tracks that can be mounted directly onto the wheels. Although the spinning action of the tires is enough to propel the vehicle through the water . The Quadski was developed using Gibbs' High Speed Amphibian technology, which Gibbs originally developed for the Aquada, an amphibious car, which the company has still not produced because of regulatory issues. Second World War significantly stimulated their development. Two of the most significant amphibious cars to date were developed during World War II. The most proliferous was the German Schwimmwagen, a small jeep- like 4x. Porsche engineering firm in 1. World War II. The amphibious bodywork was designed by Erwin Komenda, the firm's body construction designer, using the engine and drive train of the K. An amphibious version of the Willys MB jeep, the Ford GPA or 'Seep' (short for Sea jeep) was developed during World War II as well. A specially modified GPA, called Half- Safe, was driven and sailed around the world by Australian Ben Carlin in the 1. One of the most capable post- war amphibious off- roaders was the German Amphi- Ranger, that featured a hull made of seawater- resistant Al. Mg. 2 aluminium alloy. Extensively engineered, this costly vehicle was proven seaworthy at a Gale force 1. North Sea coast (Pohl, 1. Only about 1. 00 were built . With almost 4,0. 00 pieces built, the Amphicar is still the most successfully produced civilian amphibious car to date. The Gibbs Aquada stands out due to its capability of high speed planing on water. Gibbs built fifty Aquadas in the early 2. Alan Gibbs before the company's engine supplier, Rover, was unable to continue providing engines. Gibbs and new partner Neil Jenkins reconstituted the company and are now seeking U. S. In 2. 01. 3, March released the company's first commercial vehicle, The Panther. Since its release, Water. Car has been popular in the Middle East, selling to the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, with six additional vehicles being sold to the Crown Prince of Dubai. The Water. Car has also been sold to tech enthusiasts and residents of Silicon Valley. The objective of those different products are to enhance the yachting habits. Enabling a boat to walk autonomously means a lot to simplify and develop yachting : no need of marina, access to the sea everywhere, safe embarkation and disembarkation, easy load carrying.. It has a lot of possible uses from the private use to professional (safety, firemen, coastguards, taxi..). Oyster boats. The boats are made of aluminium, are relatively flat- bottomed, and have three, four, or six wheels, depending on the size of the boat. When the tide is out the boats can run on the tidal flats using their wheels. When the tide is in, they use a propeller to move themselves through the water. Oyster farmers in Jersey make use of similar boats. Currently, Constructions Maritimes du Vivier Amphibie has a range of models. This 3. 1- foot (9. It was designed as a wartime project by Sparkman & Stephens, a yacht design firm who also designed the hull for the Ford GPA 'Seep'. During the war, Germany produced the Landwasserschlepper. In the 1. 95. 0s, the Soviets developed the GAZ 4. BAV 4. 85, and PTS. During the Vietnam War, the US Army used the amphibious articulated Gama Goat and the larger M5. Goer truck- series to move supplies through the canals and rice paddies of Southeast Asia. The latter was based on a 1. US Army. Although the vehicles' wheels were mounted without suspension or steering action, and land speeds over 2. Coupled with its amphibious capability, in the Vietnam War, the M5. Goer developed a reputation of being able to go where other trucks could not. For taking vehicles and supplies onto the beaches the US used the 1. LARC- V and the huge LARC- LX which could carry 6. The British Army used the 6x. Alvis Stalwart as their amphibious cargo carrier. In the water vectored thrust water- jet propulsion units drove it along at about 6 knots. The M3 Amphibious Rig can be used as a ferry or as a floating bridge for trucks and heavy combat vehicles. Gibbs has also developed other types of fast amphibians including the Phibian, a 3. Humdinga, a 2. 1- foot (6. The VAB is a French fully amphibious APC, powered in the water by two water jets, mounted one on either side of the rear hull (see detail picture above). It entered service in 1. During the Cold War the Soviet bloc states developed a number of amphibious APCs, fighting vehicles and tanks, both wheeled and tracked. Most of the vehicles the Soviets designed were amphibious, or could ford deep water. Wheeled examples are the BRDM- 1 and BRDM- 2. BTR- 6. 0, BTR- 7. BTR- 8. 0 and BTR- 9. APCs and the BTR- 9. Tracked. The basic vehicle will float but its bow is square so the additional floats add stability and load carrying capacity. Armored. Marine Corps AAV- 7s emerge from the surf. Tracked armored vehicles with amphibious capabilities include those that are intended for use in amphibious assault. The United States started developing a long line of LVT (Landing Vehicle Tracked) designs from ca. Many tracked armored vehicles that are primarily intended for land- use, such as armoured fighting vehicles and armoured personnel carriers nevertheless also have amphibious ability, tactically useful inland, reducing dependence on destroyable and easily targeted bridges. To provide motive power, they use their tracks, sometimes with added propeller or water jets.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
December 2016
Categories |