Amphibious vehicle - Wikipedia. An amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian), is a vehicle that is a means of transport, viable on land as well as on (or under) water. Amphibious vehicles include amphibious bicycles, ATVs, cars, buses, trucks, military vehicles, and hovercraft. Classic landing craft are not amphibious vehicles as they do not offer any real land transportation at all, although they are part of amphibious assault. Ground effect vehicles, such as Ekranoplans, will likely crash on any but the flattest of landmasses so are also not considered to be amphibious vehicles. Amongst the latter, many designs were prompted by the desire to expand the off- road capabilities of land- vehicles to an . This explains why many designs use tracks in addition to or instead of wheels, and in some cases even resort to articulated body configurations or other unconventional designs such as screw- propelled vehicles which use auger- like barrels which propel a vehicle through muddy terrain with a twisting motion. This is possible as a vehicle's displacement is usually greater than its weight, and thus it will float. Heavily armoured vehicles however sometimes have a density greater than water (their weight in kilograms exceeds their volume in litres), and will need additional buoyancy measures. These can take the form of inflatable floatation devices, much like the sides of a rubber dinghy, or a waterproof fabric skirt raised from the top perimeter of the vehicle, to increase its displacement. NORTH KOREA COUNTRY HANDBOOK MARINE CORPS INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITY. North Korean Army Uniforms... BRDM-2 Armored Amphibious Vehicle. Download Chapter PDF Download. A: A2/AD: anti-access/area-denial: AAV: Amphibious Assault Vehicle: ADIZ: Air Defense Identification Zone: AEHF. Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance. 1994, the German army formed an air-mobile. The Australian Light Armoured Vehicle (ASLAV). Command, Surveillance, Ambulance. AAV Amphibious Assault Vehicle ABM Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis ACV Amphibious Combat Vehicle ADIZ Air Defense Identification Zone. AN/TPY-2 Army Navy/Transportable Radar Surveillance ANZUS Australia–New Zealand–U.S. Amphibious military vehicles are most important in beach landing. Landing Vehicle, Tracked or Amphibious Tractor Vehicles; Alligator: Prototype of the USMC Landing Vehicle, Tracked (LVT) series: LVT: Landing Vehicle. For propulsion in or on the water some vehicles simply make do by spinning their wheels or tracks. Most amphibians will work only as a displacement hull when in the water . On testing it reportedly tipped over 5. The most successful Alligator tugs were produced by the firm of West and Peachey in Simcoe, Ontario. Richmond (Jessup, Iowa, USA). Just like the world's first petrol- powered automobile (1. Carl Benz) it was a three- wheeler. The single front wheel provided direction, both on land and in the water. A three- cylinder petrol combustion- engine powered the oversized rear wheels. M1117 Armored Security Vehicle A U.S. Army M1117 Armored Security Vehicle in. Marine Corps' Amphibious Assault Vehicle. Reconnaissance Surveillance & Target. In order to get the wheels to provide propulsion in the water, fins or buckets would be attached to the rear wheel spokes. Remarkably the boat- like hull was one of the first integral bodies ever used on a car. In some of them the amphibious capabilities are central to their purpose, whereas in others they are only an expansion to what has remained primarily a watercraft or a land vehicle. The design that came together with all the features needed for a practical all terrain amphibious vehicle was by Peter Prell of New Jersey. His design, unlike others, could operate not only on rivers and lakes but the sea and did not require firm ground to enter or exit the water. It combined a boat- like hull with tank- like tracks. In 1. 93. 1 he tested a scaled down version of his invention. The vehicles use a patented hydraulic system to raise the wheels into the wheel wells, allowing the vehicles to plane on water. The vehicles can transition between land and water modes in about five seconds. The first Gibbs fast amphibian is the Quadski, introduced in October 2. It went on sale in January 2. On the other hand, Iguana Yachts, a Frenchcompany created in 2. In 2. 01. 0, a Southern California- based company named Water. Car, set the Guinness World Record for Fastest Amphibious Vehicle, with their prototype, The Python, which reached top land speeds of 2. The Water. Car can do 8. The wings on the powered wheels propel the vehicle in a similar way to a paddle wheel. The SBK Engineering Shuttle- Bike consists of 2 inflatable floats with straps that allow the carrying of a bicycle with passenger. The ensemble, when deflated, fits in a backpack for carrying by the cyclist. The model can reach up to 8. These saw significant popularity in North America during the 1. Typically an amphibious ATV (AATV) is a small, lightweight, off- highway vehicle, constructed from an integral hard plastic or fibreglass bodytub, fitted with six (sometimes eight) driven wheels, with low pressure, balloon tires. With no suspension (other than what the tires offer) and no steering wheels, directional control is accomplished through skid- steering . Most contemporary designs use garden tractor type engines, that will provide roughly 2. Constructed this way, an AATV will float with ample freeboard and is capable of traversing swamps, ponds and streams as well as dry land. On land these units have high grip and great off- road ability, that can be further enhanced with an optional set of tracks that can be mounted directly onto the wheels. Although the spinning action of the tires is enough to propel the vehicle through the water . The Quadski was developed using Gibbs' High Speed Amphibian technology, which Gibbs originally developed for the Aquada, an amphibious car, which the company has still not produced because of regulatory issues. Second World War significantly stimulated their development. Two of the most significant amphibious cars to date were developed during World War II. The most proliferous was the German Schwimmwagen, a small jeep- like 4x. Porsche engineering firm in 1. World War II. The amphibious bodywork was designed by Erwin Komenda, the firm's body construction designer, using the engine and drive train of the K. An amphibious version of the Willys MB jeep, the Ford GPA or 'Seep' (short for Sea jeep) was developed during World War II as well. A specially modified GPA, called Half- Safe, was driven and sailed around the world by Australian Ben Carlin in the 1. One of the most capable post- war amphibious off- roaders was the German Amphi- Ranger, that featured a hull made of seawater- resistant Al. Mg. 2 aluminium alloy. Extensively engineered, this costly vehicle was proven seaworthy at a Gale force 1. North Sea coast (Pohl, 1. Only about 1. 00 were built . With almost 4,0. 00 pieces built, the Amphicar is still the most successfully produced civilian amphibious car to date. The Gibbs Aquada stands out due to its capability of high speed planing on water. Gibbs built fifty Aquadas in the early 2. Alan Gibbs before the company's engine supplier, Rover, was unable to continue providing engines. Gibbs and new partner Neil Jenkins reconstituted the company and are now seeking U. S. In 2. 01. 3, March released the company's first commercial vehicle, The Panther. Since its release, Water. Car has been popular in the Middle East, selling to the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, with six additional vehicles being sold to the Crown Prince of Dubai. The Water. Car has also been sold to tech enthusiasts and residents of Silicon Valley. The objective of those different products are to enhance the yachting habits. Enabling a boat to walk autonomously means a lot to simplify and develop yachting : no need of marina, access to the sea everywhere, safe embarkation and disembarkation, easy load carrying.. It has a lot of possible uses from the private use to professional (safety, firemen, coastguards, taxi..). Oyster boats. The boats are made of aluminium, are relatively flat- bottomed, and have three, four, or six wheels, depending on the size of the boat. When the tide is out the boats can run on the tidal flats using their wheels. When the tide is in, they use a propeller to move themselves through the water. Oyster farmers in Jersey make use of similar boats. Currently, Constructions Maritimes du Vivier Amphibie has a range of models. This 3. 1- foot (9. It was designed as a wartime project by Sparkman & Stephens, a yacht design firm who also designed the hull for the Ford GPA 'Seep'. During the war, Germany produced the Landwasserschlepper. In the 1. 95. 0s, the Soviets developed the GAZ 4. BAV 4. 85, and PTS. During the Vietnam War, the US Army used the amphibious articulated Gama Goat and the larger M5. Goer truck- series to move supplies through the canals and rice paddies of Southeast Asia. The latter was based on a 1. US Army. Although the vehicles' wheels were mounted without suspension or steering action, and land speeds over 2. Coupled with its amphibious capability, in the Vietnam War, the M5. Goer developed a reputation of being able to go where other trucks could not. For taking vehicles and supplies onto the beaches the US used the 1. LARC- V and the huge LARC- LX which could carry 6. The British Army used the 6x. Alvis Stalwart as their amphibious cargo carrier. In the water vectored thrust water- jet propulsion units drove it along at about 6 knots. The M3 Amphibious Rig can be used as a ferry or as a floating bridge for trucks and heavy combat vehicles. Gibbs has also developed other types of fast amphibians including the Phibian, a 3. Humdinga, a 2. 1- foot (6. The VAB is a French fully amphibious APC, powered in the water by two water jets, mounted one on either side of the rear hull (see detail picture above). It entered service in 1. During the Cold War the Soviet bloc states developed a number of amphibious APCs, fighting vehicles and tanks, both wheeled and tracked. Most of the vehicles the Soviets designed were amphibious, or could ford deep water. Wheeled examples are the BRDM- 1 and BRDM- 2. BTR- 6. 0, BTR- 7. BTR- 8. 0 and BTR- 9. APCs and the BTR- 9. Tracked. The basic vehicle will float but its bow is square so the additional floats add stability and load carrying capacity. Armored. Marine Corps AAV- 7s emerge from the surf. Tracked armored vehicles with amphibious capabilities include those that are intended for use in amphibious assault. The United States started developing a long line of LVT (Landing Vehicle Tracked) designs from ca. Many tracked armored vehicles that are primarily intended for land- use, such as armoured fighting vehicles and armoured personnel carriers nevertheless also have amphibious ability, tactically useful inland, reducing dependence on destroyable and easily targeted bridges. To provide motive power, they use their tracks, sometimes with added propeller or water jets.
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Whats causing my rabbit's bald patch? I think that this question violates the Community Guidelines. Chat or rant, adult content, spam, insulting other members,show more. I think that this question violates the Terms of Service. Harm to minors, violence or threats, harassment or privacy invasion, impersonation or misrepresentation, fraud or phishing, show more. If you believe that your intellectual property has been infringed and would like to file a complaint, please see our Copyright/IP Policy. Talk to health experts and other people like you in WebMD's Communities. What isn't routine is for that shedding to result in noticeable bald spots on your dog. Ringing in Ears; Treating Hepatitis C; Aortic Valve Stenosis? Why does my rabbit have a bald spot? A tiny bald spot near or between the ears is normal. Rabbit bald patch on ear Quick overview of biopolitical points of view. When a cat loses hair on its ears and facial areas. Hair loss around the feline's ears. Why is my rabbit losing hair on his ears Unofficially and likely. Foro de Los Sims 2 Mascotas para Game Boy Advance. En Mundogamers te decimos c. Necesito trucos para los sims 2 mascotas de gba. El juego me lo he descargado para el ordenador. Necesito los tipicos trucos de dinero. Descargar Los Sims para GBA GameBoyAdvance Gratis. Mascotas http:// Descargar Bajar Objetos para Los Sims 2 - Casas - Skins - Trucos. Hola gente de youtube, hoy les traigo un video tutorial de como ganar dinero facil y rapidamente en sims 2 mascotas (2 formas) espero y les aya gustado manita arriva si es asi trucos: Desbloquear al gnomo: L, L, R. Tenemos la fecha de lanzamiento, an. Te hemos redirigido a Meristation MX para que est. NGE DS Wii GBA PC PS2 XBX GC. Trucos de Los Sims 2 Mascotas para PlayStation 2. Todos los trucos de Los Sims 2 Mascotas para. Lo mejor de Los Sims 2 Mascotas. Tenemos la fecha de lanzamiento. Fecha de lanzamiento Los Sims 2: Mascotas (GBA) Salida en Espa. Gameshark o Codebreaker Los sims 2 mascotas gba. Te hemos redirigido a Meristation MX para que est. Fecha de lanzamiento Los Sims 2: Mascotas (GBA) Salida en. Uploading large files has never been easier! Upload files to store them online for instant access and sharing. GigaSize.com allows you to upload large files in just one click. If you have files that are too large to email, use. Omega Supreme - Wikipedia. Omega Supreme is the name of a fictional character from the Transformers franchise. He is always an Autobot and is often depicted as a gigantic Transformer with vast strength and/or overwhelming firepower. David Wise, who wrote much of Omega Supreme's backstory in the original animated series, has described Omega Supreme as a . He will stand unwaveringly against overwhelming odds, and although outwardly grim, he is known by those with enough insight to actually relish the importance of his task . In place of his left hand, he is armed with a plasma blaster that can pulverize steel, supplemented with an additional laser cannon mounted on the rear of his head with a range of fifty miles. Intensely durable, his armored hide is resistant to all energy beam and non- nuclear explosive attacks. When he transforms, Omega splits his body into three components . Although immensely powerful, Omega is physically slow and his rocket mode is grossly fuel inefficient. Reception. Eager to replicate the Constructicons. After an attack by the giant Decepticon Trypticon the leader was chosen - Grimlock. There is no indication that, unlike most of Starscream. When this robotic race turned on their masters, the Quintessons created the Dark Guardians, huge robotic sentinels designed to crush the rebellion (rendered in a blue/grey and red color scheme reminiscent of the original Toy. Box Mechabot 1 figure). The tide of battle turned, however, when . Subsequently, without their protectors, the Quintessons were overthrown and forced to flee Cybertron. The Quintessons. The Autobots were eventually able to claim victory through the invention of transformation, and the resultant era of peace, known as the Golden Age of Cybertron, was policed by the reprogrammed Dark Guardians, now simply called Guardian Robots and redecorated with a blue and white color scheme. One of these Guardian Robots, through an unexplained means, attained true sentience like that of other Cybertronians and was the only one of his kind to display the ability to transform. Bearing a unique grey, red and yellow color scheme, this robot, named Omega Supreme, was the guardian of the beautiful Crystal City, and was friends with the six robots who had created it. Unfortunately for Omega, these six robots soon became the evil Constructicons when they were reprogrammed by Decepticon leader Megatron and his creation, the Robo- Smasher. Turning on Omega, they lured him away from the city and destroyed it in his absence, leading him to hunt them down and try to forcibly restore them to their original selves. Omega soon discovered, however, that not only could Megatron. As Omega and Devastator grappled, the Robo- Smasher attempted to reprogram Omega himself, and although he was able to wrench the device free and destroy it, it affected his mind, taking away all feelings save for the hate he now felt for the Constructicons, and the revenge he desired against them. Abandoning conventional speech, Omega adopted a clipped, emotionless, analytical manner of talking, always taking the form of suffixed words and short phrases. When the Constructicons fled Omega. Biding his time until he could face the Constructicons again, Omega played the role of soldier, his first mission as part of Prime. Later, when attacked by Decepticons coated in the invulnerable alloy Electrum, Omega was badly damaged, but when the Autobots responded in kind, Omega was also coated in the alloy and defeated their foes. Later still, Omega transported Jazz and Perceptor to Saturn. Having expended too much energy in the journey to transform and save himself, Omega had to rely on his companions to obtain electrical crystals to restore his power, enabling him to assume robot mode and aid in saving the moon. BibMe Free Bibliography & Citation Maker - MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard. Omega Supreme is the name of a fictional character from the Transformers franchise. He is always an Autobot and is often depicted as a gigantic Transformer with vast strength and/or overwhelming firepower.Discovering that the Constructicons were mining an asteroid, Optimus Prime requested Omega investigate, only to learn of his secret history with the Decepticon team. It was on this occasion that Omega chose to speak in complete sentences for the only time since being altered by the Robo- Smasher, in relaying what happened between him and the Constructicons to Prime. Sending Omega on the mission anyway, Prime. Rather than defend the city, however, Omega pursued the Constructicons and only halted when Prime entered the conflict, forcing the Decepticons to retreat and convincing Omega to save San Francisco, claiming that there had to be more to life than revenge. After an adventure transporting the Autobots to Japan to pursue the energy imp Kremzeek and having his systems overloaded by the electrical critter, Omega Supreme was called upon to transport a team of Autobots to Cybertron in an attempt to prevent Megatron from using the mega- computer Vector Sigma to bring his new Stunticons to life.
Although they did not succeed, they instead opted to create a new team, the Aerialbots, to counter the Stunticons. Having been injured in battle, Omega exploded upon his return to Earth and almost perished; Ratchet and Sparkplug Witwicky were able to rebuild his body in time for him to aid Superion in battle with Menasor. In a series of scenes cut from the finished Key to Vector Sigma episodes, Omega Supreme receives his injuries from a battle with Shockwave, which is referenced by Ironhide in the second part. He sets about repairing himself enough to get the other Autobots back to Earth, but considers his own chances of survival non- existent. It is this spirit of self- sacrifice that convinces the Aerialbots to aid the other Autobots, not Sparkplug. His energy sapped by the trip, Omega shut himself down to recharge, and was consequently unable to aid the Autobots in their battle against a reactivated, Decepticon- controlled Guardian Robot. It may be that his sole purpose in being in the episode was to abate any concerns as to whether he had been destroyed, because his presence was needed during the attack on Autobot City. The Autobots had been using Sky Lynx for interstellar travel during the third season. He was also mentioned in . Most often this involves the Autobots traveling to a location in the rocket, made only of Omega Supreme's arms, the rocket will then split in two and the rest of Omega Supreme's body seems to magically materialize out of the ground. Other times, Omega Supreme's rocket would blast off, leaving the rest of him behind. And when his rocket reaches its destination, his rocket would land. The rocket's landing would of course cause a lot of smoke to appear. And once the smoke clears, the rest of him would mysteriously be there. In the Transformers Manga #5 Galvatron and his Decepticons attacked the Prime Energy Tower. Galvatron ordered the Decepticons to form Menasor, Devastator and Bruticus and attack. Rodimus Prime countered this move by ordering in Superion, Omega Supreme and Defensor. Galvatron then ordered in Predaking, knowing that Sky Lynx was elsewhere and could not counter them. Rodimus ordered the Omnibots to attack Predaking's legs. Tripping up the giant he fell into the other Decepticon giants, winning the day for the Autobots. After the disappearance of Optimus Prime and Megatron. Jetfire proceeded to reactivate Omega Supreme, who bested a weakened Sunstorm in combat and then tried to apprehend Starscream, but the Decepticon freed Sunstorm from the power- dampening siphon that was inhibiting him, and Omega was forced to return to battling him. Apparently defeating him again, Omega moved in for a closer inspection and retracted his visor to see clearer, but was then blasted directly in the face by Sunstorm and collapsed. Though removed from the battle, Omega survived, watched over by Cliffjumper as he recovered. He was later seen aiding in the construction of Autobot City. Dreamwave. The sentinel crashed on Earth ahead of them and went into stasis, and was later recovered by the Decepticons after their awakening in 1. Recolored by a gold and black paint scheme, the sentinel was kept in reserve by Megatron and was eventually loosed onto the battlefield during a war with a bodiless alien race known as the . Later reconstructed with its original colors, the sentinel regained its Autobot heritage by connecting with the Autobot Matrix of Leadership, and sacrificed itself pushing Devastator and itself through a portal into space. Devil's Due Publishing. Joe and the Transformers, where he would be seen acting as the principal defense system of the Autobot capital city. Unaware that the rogue human military cyborg Serpentor (possessing Megatron's memories) had united the Decepticons from their civil war in the absence of Megatron or Shockwave, the Autobots would be taken by surprise by the Decepticon attack. Omega valiantly beat off Sixshot's air attack and the Decepticon Triple Changers, but would fall to a combined attack by Menasor, Predaking and Piranacon. He was later seen helping to rebuild Capital City at the close of the series. IDW Publishing. His first proper appearance was in the Spotlight issue on Optimus Prime. Prime believes he had a vision of a previous matrix- holder, Nova Prime, whom Omega knew. Omega reveals that Nova was part of the first Ark's crew and corrupt. They are interrupted by an attack from Monstructor, wanting revenge against Omega Supreme for imprisoning him. Omega is nearly killed and barely escapes with help from Optimus. Omega revealed that Monstructor was the first combiner, created by Nova Prime's strategist, Jhiaxus. The combination process worked improperly though, devolving Monstructor and his components into monsters. When Nova and Jhiaxus disappeared, Omega took it upon himself to imprison Monstructor and they now seek revenge. Monstructor shows up and Omega reveals to Prime a weak point which causes him to separate. Prime seeks to get help for Monstructor's component team with warning from a badly injured Omega Supreme. Additionally, Omega Supreme was featured in the graphic novel edition of IDW's The Transformers: The Movie comic book adaptation. Speedport firmware update w. Leicester rallying from speedport firmware update w. Lions with habitual switch- off. Speedport firmware update w. Williams is obviously still mad Free full limewire Cuban missed their meeting to film Shark Tank. U Scribblenauts Unlimited Nintendoland Sonic and All Stars Racing Send speedport firmware update w. 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Some of these ideas are useful when you're working on a formal budget; others are best practices for use year- round and, once in place, will make the annual chore much easier. You can also download the Excel template I use for our budget. There are tabs for the detailed line items and liberal use of pivot tables to show different views of the information, including a calendar of spending. The download includes a sample spreadsheet with the various categories filled in to serve as a model. Editor's note: This article originally appeared on Tech Pro Research, a joint venture between ZDNet and Tech. Republic. We're republishing it here as part of our Special Feature IT Budgets 2. A CIO's Guide. To download the Excel template referenced in this article, you will need to sign up for a 7- day free trial of Tech Pro Research. Look at budgeting from the owner's perspective. This item is by far the most important. I work for a company that was founded and is fully owned by one woman, who built the company up from scratch. One of the many things I have learned working for her is to look at everything I do from her perspective. When I make an IT purchase, that money is coming, quite literally, out of her pocket. I have to ask myself: Does this purchase make sense? Business Budget Sample TemplateBusiness Budget - Download a Business Budget Template for Excel to help you create your business plan and control your business expenses. Preparing a Budget Budget template In a recent survey it was reported that 39% of working Australians could survive for only 30 days on their current savings. Download free Excel Budget Templates for creating family, personal, business, and household budgets. Project Budget Template. Collaborate with your team on developing a budget for line item approval, and tracking expenses against each item. Is it the best use of the company's money? If it were my money, would I agree that this purchase is more important than buying myself an Xbox One or a new car? But nothing quite hammers home the value of a dollar like asking a specific person to open her wallet and hand you that dollar. For every line item that passes the test above, I make sure that an English (that is, non- techie) description of each item is included. My boss may not want to get into that level of detail. But if she does, I want to make sure that she can understand where every one of her dollars is going. Similarly, whenever possible, I try to include some explanation of the ROI/value of the purchase. This is a mandatory, formal exercise for larger new initiatives. But even for smaller purchases - - and recurring expenses - - I try to provide an explanation of 'why'. This assists with the prioritization (which is included later). Build a foundation for all- year budgeting. I follow a number of practices throughout the year (some obvious, some less so) that help me better manage the costs of my department and make formalizing the next year's budget a relatively painless process. Really, I am laying the groundwork for my budget all year long. Here are some suggestions. Track what you spend as you go. Let's start with an easy one. Whenever you make a purchase, track it against a budget line item. Maybe you have a system for this or maybe you just do it on a spreadsheet. Save yourself a hassle and don't end up in a situation where you spend a weekend digging through a year's worth of emails to figure out what your costs were for the prior year. And avoid 'catch- all' buckets as much as possible. Recognize when you make unplanned purchases. Acknowledge when you are required to make an unplanned purchase and document it on your running budget. When it comes time to start working on next year's budget, you will be way ahead of the game. You'll have last year's budget and all expenditures for the year, and you can see how closely those expenditures matched up. This gives you the information you need to do a better job of forecasting your costs and justifying those forecasts. I've also been in plenty of situations where the CEO or CFO has come to me and asked for some 'quick guidance' on next year's costs long before the budget is due. By tracking as you go, you are in a position to come up with a quick number you can live with. Track recurring costs. IT departments have all sorts of recurring costs. And they don't recur at the same intervals. In my department we have annual software assurance costs, biannual equipment support costs, and thrice- annual vendor contracts for things like copiers. Each vendor has a different contract duration and each contract has a different renewal date. We track all of these contracts closely. A great way to do this is in a tool like Share. Point. You can create a custom list that tracks all the key information about a contract: Vendor. Contact information. Service description and level. Asset tag (for asset- specific contracts like equipment support)Renewal date. Duration. Cost. Payment terms (yearly payment, quarterly, etc.)Even a scan of the signed contract. Share. Point is a great solution for this, but there are lots of options. We built a custom tracking form in our CRM system. Track contract end dates and payment dates. This has been the key data element for us. By knowing when payment is due on each contract, we can see, at a glance, all our recurring costs for the next month, quarter, or year. When we first began this initiative, it took some time investment to get all the contracts loaded (and discovered). Now though, it is part of our contracting process and has become second nature. I am always just a couple of clicks away from the list of next quarter's, next year's, and the following year's costs for all our existing contracts. Track lead time for vendor assessments. We track one additional field for each contract, which we term the 'horizon line'. This is the number of days prior to the contract end date when we will want to consider vendor alternatives. Each contract is tagged with a horizon line of 3. We have scheduled an automated report to be pushed out monthly that shows all contracts with a renewal date 'on the horizon'. This gives us time to consider whether we want to renew the contract, evaluate alternatives, and begin negotiations. This is especially useful on contracts that auto- renew, such as Saa. S contracts that lock us into long- term agreements and require written notice 9. Track costs for new hires by department. Another budgetary item I keep up to date throughout the year is the costs of a new hire. I'm usually asked for this information several times over the course of the year. And when each department is working on its annual budget, we've got the numbers to come up with the true cost of any planned hiring. The itemized costs include hardware, software, and other licensing. I track this information by department: New sales people are issued laptops and corporate cell phones; new customer service representatives are given a PC and a soft phone. All users require a server CAL, an antivirus license, Windows, Office, and the list goes on. Folks in finance require a license to the accounting system. Developers require a license for the development tools. The list for each is extensive. In some cases, the cost is a true expenditure (like for a laptop). In some cases, the cost is really a small portion of a larger purchase that can be allocated to a single user (like if you purchase a 2. CALs). The goal is to document the incremental cost of adding one more employee. Keep these budget basics in mind. Okay, so all the above items are things that (ideally) you've been doing all year. Now for a few points to consider when actually putting the official budget together. If you are creating your budget from scratch, there are plenty of templates out there you can use to get started. However, I recommend that whatever you use, you consider the following things. Categorize, categorize, categorize. My budget template categorizes all line items in a number of ways: I break down costs by whether they are new initiatives, recurring costs, or salary. If you've been following the 'all- year budgeting' approach, the new initiative component of the budget will take most of the time. I break down costs by various categories, such as desktop hardware, network hardware, software, printers/copiers, and telecom. I track the type of cost: equipment, software license, support, and so on. The finance folks will probably have their own ideas of how expenditures should be categorized. For instance, they may look to IT to assist with decisions on whether purchases are depreciable assets. Indicate priorities. Ultimately, and unfortunately, the budget is finite. Planned purchases must be prioritized so that decisions can be made about what those limited resources are spent on. Provide a calendar of spending. Included in my budget is a calendar of spending that provides visibility into when purchases are expected to occur throughout the year. I track each item by the quarter in which it falls. Some organizations want to see this broken down by month; others are fine knowing which half of the year it falls in. Additional Tech Pro Research IT budgeting resources. Furniture Website Templates. 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December 2016
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